Each spike in the spadix bears 2 to 3 female flowers at the base and 200 to 300 male flowers at the top. [13] Like other fruits, it has three layers: the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. Decayed roots are replaced regularly as the tree grows new ones. Other cultivars of niu leka may also exist in other islands of the Pacific, and some are probably descendants of advanced crosses between Compact Dwarfs and Southeast Asian Dwarf types.[11][65]. Especially immature coconuts (6 to 8 months from flowering) sold for coconut water and softer jelly-like coconut meat (known as "green coconuts", "young coconuts", or "water coconuts"), where the original coloration of the fruit is more aesthetically pleasing. However, the word cocus could also mean "cook" like coquus in Latin,[42] so Linnaeus chose Cocos directly from the Portuguese word coco instead. For other uses, see, "Grated coconut" redirects here. Handwritten notes availableIf you find any doubt then you can ask me in the comment section below Please do like,share, comment the video and subscr. Per 100-gram serving, coconut water contains 19 calories and no significant content of essential nutrients. Trees grow up to 30 metres (100 feet) tall and can yield up to 75 fruits per year, though fewer than 30 is more typical. [45][24][48][49] Their cultivation and spread was closely tied to the early migrations of the Austronesian peoples who carried coconuts as canoe plants to islands they settled. In Florida, wild populations of coconut palms extend up the East Coast from Key West to Jupiter Inlet, and up the West Coast from Marco Island to Sarasota. They need annual rainfall of at least 120cm, temperatures from 70 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit and sandy, slightly acidic soil with good drainage. of tender .coconut and is used as refreshing and agreeable drink and as a useful substitute for saline glucose in intravenous infusion. [92][93][94] Training schools for pig-tailed macaques still exist both in southern Thailand and in the Malaysian state of Kelantan. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of the medium-chain fatty acids in coconut oil could also help reduce acne. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. "It made sense" to bring the affair to . The day is recognized as the beginning of the joyful, colourful Holi celebrations and is seen as a symbolic triumph of good over evil. Is eating coconut good for your skin? Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. Stem Aerial, erect, unbranched and columnar, having prominent scars of leaf bases. [145] They can also be processed to extract palm sugar. Economic importance of coconut pdf. [177], Some South Asian, Southeast Asian, and Pacific Ocean cultures have origin myths in which the coconut plays the main role. Some of the dwarf cultivars such as 'Malayan dwarf' have shown some promising resistance to lethal yellowing, while other cultivars such as 'Jamaican tall' are highly affected by the same plant disease. The reasons why coconut are cultivated only in Yemen's Al Mahrah and Hadramaut governorates and in the Sultanate of Oman, but not in other suitable areas in the Arabian Peninsula, may originate from the fact that Oman and Hadramaut had long dhow trade relations with Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and Zanzibar, as well as southern India and China. Coconut oil is one of nine internationally traded vegetable oils and ranks eighth in global production. Coconuts could not reach inland locations without human intervention (to carry seednuts, plant seedlings, etc.) This variety of oilseeds made up over 10 percent of the sector that year. Easily kills parasites and helps remove them from body. [78] Manually climbing trees is traditional in most countries and requires a specific posture that exerts pressure on the trunk with the feet. As of 2006, the U. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. In Vanuatu, coconut palms for copra production are generally spaced 9m (30ft) apart, allowing a tree density of 100 to 160 per hectare (40 to 65 per acre). It enables toxins to be removed easily from harmful substances. Beneficial Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil on Lipid Parameters and in Vitro LDL Oxidation. Although archaeological remains dating back to 1000 to 500BCE also suggest that the Indo-Atlantic coconuts were also later independently cultivated by the Dravidian peoples, only Pacific coconuts show clear signs of domestication traits like dwarf habits, self-pollination, and rounded fruits. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. Neera has a low glycemic count at 35 compared to cane sugar or sugarcane juice that has a glycemic count of 80. It was the world's largest producer for decades until a decline in production due to aging trees as well as typhoon devastation. Coir Developments Much of coir production is done by small holders meaning production is scattered and at small volumes. Saturated fat is associated with hypercholesterolemia high cholesterol , atherosclerosis hardening of the arteries , and heart disease. In addition to its economic value as a source of food and materials, the coconut is also an important source of income for many small-scale farmers and communities. [114] CAPB may cause mild skin irritation,[114] but allergic reactions to CAPB are rare[115] and probably related to impurities rendered during the manufacturing process (which include amidoamine and dimethylaminopropylamine) rather than CAPB itself. The coconut tree is the official state tree of Kerala, India. Coconut oil helps bolster your skins protective barrier layer, trapping moisture inside and keeping skin supple and hydrated. [143], The sap can be reduced by boiling to create a sweet syrup or candy such as te kamamai in Kiribati or dhiyaa hakuru and addu bondi in the Maldives. [26][27][31], Outside of New Zealand and India, only two other regions have reported Cocos-like fossils, namely Australia and Colombia. Half coconut shells are used in theatre Foley sound effects work, struck together to create the sound effect of a horse's hoofbeats. ", "Structure and Function of the Haustorim in Germinating Coconut Palm Seed", "Fossil fruit of Cocos L. (Arecaceae) from Maastrichtian-Danian sediments of central India and its phytogeographical significance", "An update of monocot macrofossil data from New Zealand and Australia", "A Fossil Coconut Fruit from the Early Eocene of Gujarat", "Long-distance dispersal of the coconut palm by migration within the coral atoll ecosystem", "Independent Origins of Cultivated Coconut (, "Ancient crops provide first archaeological signature of the westward Austronesian expansion", "Coconuts: not indigenous, but quite at home nevertheless", "An early sophisticated East Polynesian voyaging canoe discovered on New Zealand's coast", "Germination rate is the significant characteristic determining coconut palm diversity", "Deep history of coconuts decoded: Origins of cultivation, ancient trade routes, and colonization of the Americas", "Complete sequence and comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome of coconut palm (, The Coconut Odyssey the bounteous possibilities of the tree of life, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, "Report: 26 provinces quarantined for coconut pest", "Coconut production in 2019, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)", "Petenes mangroves: types and severity of threats", "Health of coconut tree climbers of rural southern India medical emergencies, body mass index and occupational marks: A quantitative and survey study", "Philippine coconut industry: No monkey business here", "The Chemistry of Coconut Milk and Cream", "New mechanical coconut climbing device developed", "A study on skills for trade and economic diversification (STED) in the non-traditional coconut export sectors of the Philippines". Theyre mostly green until they fully mature. [4], The niu vai form is the domesticated form dominant in the Pacific coconuts. This mite infests coconut plantations, and is devastating; it can destroy up to 90% of coconut production. Many insect pests and diseases affect the species and are a nuisance for commercial production. However, they can be eaten anytime after seven months 1, 2. Scientific studies have found it effective for treating enlarged prostate and improving serum cholesterol. and Koop Wind (Eds.). Add an answer. [178] In Maldivian folklore, one of the main myths of origin reflects the dependence of the Maldivians on the coconut tree. It contributes 2 per cent to Sri Lankas GDP, 2.5 per cent to export earnings and 5 per cent to employment. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. These varieties were selected for slower growth, sweeter coconut water, and often brightly-colored fruits. 70% of the total coconut production is for domestic consumption in most producing countries making Coconut a critical global food security crop. Perianth Tepals 6 arranged in two whorls of three each, persistent and polyphyllous showing valvate aestivation in both the whorls. However, several states like Assam, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tripura, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh have emerged as non-traditional areas for the cultivation of coconut. Coconut water is LIKELY SAFE for most adults when consumed as a drink. [172] Irrespective of their religious affiliations, fishermen of India often offer it to the rivers and seas in the hopes of having bountiful catches. Hemera Technologies/Photos.com/Getty Images. Domesticated Pacific coconuts, on the other hand, are rounded in shape with a thinner husk and a larger amount of endosperm. They can also be cooked in sugar and eaten as a dessert in the Philippines known as bukayo.[117][123][124][125][126]. [163], The roots are used as a dye, a mouthwash, and a folk medicine for diarrhea and dysentery. They also include fossil fruits that have been tentatively identified as modern Cocos nucifera. [citation needed], Indonesia is the world's largest producer of coconuts, with gross production of 15million tonnes. It is an important commercial product obtained from the husk of coconut. Most less-developed countries depend on agriculture as a major source of income and employment. The production of coconuts plays an important role in the economy, with 25% of cultivated land (around 3.56 million hectares) used for coconut plantations and approximately 25 to 33% of the population reliant on coconuts for their livelihood. The husks of the coconut are a source of coir, a fiber used in the production of brushes, matting, and other products. The study contended that an adaptation to coral atolls would explain the prehistoric and modern distributions of Cocos, would have provided the necessary evolutionary pressures, and would account for morphological factors such as a thick husk to protect against ocean degradation and provide a moist medium in which to germinate on sparse atolls. Flowers are protandrous, the female flowers open, after the male flowers have withered. [182] The earliest direct description is given by Cosmas Indicopleustes in his Topographia Christiana written around 545, referred to as "the great nut of India". [71] They have been found in the Caribbean and the Atlantic coasts of Africa and South America for less than 500 years (the Caribbean native inhabitants do not have a dialect term for them, but use the Portuguese name), but evidence of their presence on the Pacific coast of South America antedates Columbus's arrival in the Americas. 2017-08-20 10:24:51. Riung Wangi III No.53, Bandung, West Java. It increases bold circulation in the kidneys and cause profuse dieresis. Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. [25] The female flower is much larger than the male flower. It supplies food, drink and shelter and also supplies raw material to number of industries intimately connected with domestic as well as economic life. In the west coast of India, the palm is an essential component in the homestead system of farming. A single coconut palm may yield 100 coconuts annually, and each coconut requires a year to fully ripen. The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. [113], Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a surfactant manufactured from coconut oil that is increasingly used as an ingredient in personal hygiene products and cosmetics, such as shampoos, liquid soaps, cleansers and antiseptics, among others. [67] This figure has been questioned based on the extremely small sample size that forms the basis of the paper that makes this claim. The terminology is derived from the Tagalog language. A long handle made from some other wood may be inserted into the base of the bundle and used as a two-handed broom. [61][63] The tall variety is outcrossing while dwarf palms are self-pollinating, which has led to a much greater degree of genetic diversity within the tall group. According to epidemiological research published in 1981, a group of Polynesians for whom coconut represented 60% of the daily diet had no evidence of heart disease or hypercholesterolemia, despite the high lauric and myristic acid intake. Required fields are marked *. The cups were frequently engraved and decorated with precious metals.[155]. The falling of their mature fruit has led to preoccupation with death by coconut.[3][5]. ; Batugal, P.; Bonnot, F. (2008). It forms the basis of wedding and worship rituals in Hinduism. The coconut fruit is an important economic commodity for many countries around the world. Palm. "Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats". The discovery of this behavior was observed in Bali and North Sulawesi in Indonesia between 1998 and 2008. Several countries' economies are based on the coconut palm. Its development would . Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-users and employment generation potentials. These vary by the taste of the coconut water and color of the fruit, as well as other genetic factors. [101][102], Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal and, Gujarat and the islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. [112], In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration declared that coconut must be disclosed as an ingredient on package labels as a "tree nut" with potential allergenicity. Nor were there coconuts on the east side of the African coast until Vasco da Gama, nor in the Caribbean when first visited by Christopher Columbus. Early Spanish explorers called it coco, meaning "monkey face." According to the Just Change Trust in India, over 500 million coconut palms are cultivated in tropical regions, where coconuts are the prime source of fats and protein for more than 400 million people. de Lourdes Arruzazabala, M.; Molina, V.; Ms, R.; Carbajal, D.; Marrero, D.; Gonzlez, V.; Rodrguez, E. (2007). What is the economic importance of coconut? Importance of Coconut: The coconut palm is one of the most beautiful and useful trees in the world, grown in more than 80 countries of the tropical. Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil.
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