sumatra plate tectonics

100 E0 110 E0 120 E0 130 E0 140 E0 150 E0 20 N0 10 N0 0 0 10 S0 20 N0 10 N0 0 0 … Source: Tectonics. Both continents and the ocean basins around them move together, and the whole surface of the earth is composed of these crustal units, or plates. … Tectonic setting of Sumatra earthquake (2004) Running in a rough north–south line on the seabed of the Andaman Sea is the boundary between two tectonic plates, the Burma Plate and the Sunda Plate. The plate boundary southwest of Sumatra is part of a long tectonic collision zone that extends over 8000 km from Papua in the east to the Himalayan front in the west. Plate Tectonic Internet Activity Go to an internet site and answer questions based on it. The geodynamic evolution of the western part of the Sunda arc is controlled by the change from frontal subduction of the Indo-Australian plate along Java to oblique subduction along Sumatra. Off western Sumatra the plate tectonic situation is that the Indo-Australian plate is moving against the Eurasian plate, which is being dragged beneath the Eurasian plate, in what is termed a 'subduction zone', down into the heat of the earth's … Well, in short, it's mainly continental, (oceanic-continental convergence). Sumatra's volcananism is caused by the northeastward subduction of the oceanic Indian-Australian plate at speeds of up to 70 mm/year under the continental Sunda plate (part of the Eurasian plate). The Sunda subduction zone is a place where two tectonic plates meet: the fault between the two plates is where the big earthquakes happen. Today, wedge I forms the outer arc high and the backstop for the younger outer wedge II. Neotectonic processes along the convergence zone of the Indian and Australian tectonic plates with the Burma block along the island of Sumatra are controlled by three major fault systems, the most prominent being that of the subduction thrust which outcrops in … Plate tectonics of Indonesia This tectonic collision created Sunda volcanic Arc that has produced chains of islands of Sumatra, Java and the Lesser … The plate-tectonics model requires the existence of Permian granites in Sumatra and this has been reported by the author (Katili, 1973b) based on recent radiometric age dating. What is sea floor spreading. The Plate Tectonics Mapping Activity allows students to easily begin to identify basic tectonic processes on a global scale. Geology Indonesia appeared from under the Southeast Asian seas as the result of the Indian and Australian plates colliding and slipping under the Sunda Plate, sometime in the early Cenozoic era around 63 million years ago. Volcanism in Sumatra. Sumatra's volcananism is caused by the northeastward subduction of the oceanic Indian-Australian plate at speeds of up to 70 mm/year under the continental Sunda plate (part of the Eurasian plate). The region is tectonically among the most active on earth, as the great 9.0 (or perhaps even 9.3) magnitude earthquake on Dec. A new volcano is forming where the island of Krakatoa once stood. Tectonic Setting Seismic Hazard Epicentral Region TECTONIC SUMMARY The March 2, 2016 M 7.8 earthquake, 800 km off the west coast of southern Sumatra, Indonesia, occurred as a result of strike-slip faulting within the oceanic lithosphere of the Indo-Australia plate. The earthquake of October 1, 2009 occurred 270 km southeast of the damaging earthquake of September 30, 2009 offshore Padang. Plate tectonics after the 26 December 2004 Great Sumatra earthquake resulted in major topological changes in the Andaman and Nicobar islands. This arc includes 76 percent of the region's volcanoes, and those on either end are tectonically more complex. The results of radiometric dating of granitic rocks around Kotanopan near the west coast of Central Sumatra indicate an average age of 45 million years. Red triangle depicts Krakatoa Volcano. Over the last decade, the Sumatran GPS Array (SuGAr) network has been established to monitor strain accumulation along the Sumatra Subduction Zone (SSZ). ... Sumatra and Plate Tectonics Continental Drift Polar Region Land Features: Plate Tectonics Wegener's Theory of Plate Tectonics Following the devastating M w 9.2 great Sumatra earthquake in 2004, the predominant types of aftershocks varied along the length of … Sumatra in the chapter on subduction zone megathrusts. The newfound attention following the Plate tectonic setting of Sumatra. V ectors show relative velocities of plate pairs as labeled. harmless at present, as northern Sumatra and the Andamans did before 2004. but is instead focused on its setting. The plate boundary southwest of Sumatra is part of a long tectonic collision zone that extends over 8000 km from Papua in the east to the Himalayan front in the west. Sumatra quake was part of crustal plate breakup: Study shows huge jolt measured 8.7, ripped at least 4 faults. by Lee Siegel, University of Utah IX The devastating M 9.1 earthquake off the west coast of northern Sumatra on December 26, 2004, occurred as the result of thrust faulting on the interface of the India plate and the Burma microplate. The portion of the fault that ruptured lies deep in the earth's crust, in places as much as 50 km (31 miles) below the ocean floor. Tectonic settings of Sumatra, Indonesia. This network has successfully detected inter-seismic, co-seismic and post-seismic deformations associated with a large number of great earthquakes on the SSZ. View Notes - 10F_b_Tectonics_i from GLY 1000 at University of Florida. Basinwide tectonic deformation, basin subsidence or uplift, sediment types and thickness distribution, and thermal events such as thermal source bed maturation are all plate tectonic-related processes. The arcuate Sumatra-Andaman-Burma (SAB) subduction system along the eastern boundary of the Bay of Bengal in the northeast Indian Ocean offers a unique opportunity to understand the intricacies of an oblique plate convergence, along and across the arc diversity in the tectonic regime and the associated earthquake hazard. Revised Tectonic Model for Sumatra A revised plate tectonic model, modified from earlier models in the light of the data and the discussion above, is presented as figures 14 and 15. Plate tectonics after the 26 December 2004 Great Sumatra earthquake resulted in major topological changes in the Andaman and Nicobar islands. The island is raised above sea level by the upwelling of hot, buoyant magma, derived from partially melted rocks along the boundary between the subducting (Australia) plate and the overriding (Sunda) plate. Seismotectonics of the Sumatra Region. Plate Tectonics and a Restless Earth Plate tectonics was not new in 1975 when I was studying petrology from Rudy Epis, but it was a model still considered optional by many geologists: as with all new ideas, it takes time before any but the innovator and early adopter groups embrace a new invention (Berman, 2004k). Not only is the Sunda block (sub-plate), on which most of Sumatra lies, separated from the Eurasian plate to the north, but also the southwest edge of the Sunda block, is separated from the Indian and Australia plates by a microplate, that is often referred to as the by Lee Siegel, University of Utah Tectonic Configuration of SE. The dots form distinct bands that align with and define plate boundaries. The Indonesian island of Sumatra is located in a highly seismic area of the world. Java and Sumatra grow a lot of coffee in the nutrient rich volcanic soils. A new volcano is forming where the island of Krakatoa once stood. Abstracts > : Philibosian,B.,Sieh, K., Natawidjaja,D. The December 26, 2004 magnitude (M) 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake occurred along a tectonic subduction zone in which the India Plate, an oceanic plate, is being subducted beneath the Burma micro-plate, part of the larger Sunda plate. Plate tectonics after the 26 December 2004 Great Sumatra earthquake resulted in major topological changes in the Andaman and Nicobar islands. Subduction zone beneath Java, Bali and Lombok islands, Indonesia. Tectonic Summary. The island is product of a long and complex geological history that spans a period of more than 250 Ma. The theory, which solidified in the 1960s, transformed the earth sciences by explaining many phenomena, including mountain building events, volcanoes, and earthquakes. A part of the Eurasian Plate is named … Aerial and land reconnaissance surveys of those islands after the earthquake provide evidence of spectacular plate tectonics that took place during the earthquake. Topography, seismic reflection and earthquake data indicate a zone of mixed right-lateral and extensional tectonic across this forearm region from Sumatra to the trench. Block-diagram showing a cross-section of the Sunda Megathrust. Uplift has raised coastlines out of the water in some areas, while subsidence (sinking) caused the sea to move farther inland in others. The basic idea of plate tectonics involves earth’s outermost part, the lithosphere (100-200 km thick), which consists of several large and fairly stable slabs – the plates. Sets found in the same folder. The western part of Southeast Asia is comprised of three tectonic plates: the Southeast Asia Plate, the Burma Plate, and the Australia-India Plate. The list of tectonic plates consists proved and proposed tectonic plates of the Earth. Fault slip rates become comparable to each other over the course of the transition. > Tectonics of the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. However, there are still many difficulties in interpreting the stratigraphy and the tectonic development of Sumatra, which will require further detailed study aimed at resolving the many outstanding problems. The devastating M 9.1 earthquake off the west coast of northern Sumatra on December 26, 2004, occurred as the result of thrust faulting on the interface of the India plate and the Burma microplate. The Sumatra region is prone to earthquakes because it lies at the boundary of two of Earth's tectonic plates. SUMATRA AND PLATE TECTONICS The extensive descriptions and interpretations by Hamilton (1974, 1979) were among the ﬁrst to put Indonesia into the context of the (then) new framework of global plate tectonics. The eastern edge of the Indo-Australian plate is The eastern edge of the Indo-Australian plate is subducting beneath the Eurasian plate and Burma microplate at a rate of 52 mm/yr [2.05 in./yr]. and Neogene tectonic phases. These plates (or microplates) are believed to have formerly been part of … Also, what tectonic plate is Bali on? Who created the theory of plate tectonics and when? Studies of seismic and geologic profiles across the Sumatra, Java and Timor arc—trench systems reveal that large islands of the inner volcanic arc with silicic and intermediate volcanism, such as Java and Sumatra, were formed due to subduction of oceanic plate under a thick and old continental crust. Tectonic Summary. The pair of massive earthquakes near Sumatra, Indonesia, in late 2004 and early 2005, have reshaped the regional landscape. View Lab Report - Earth Lab 4 - Plate Tectonics (Boundaries) from GEOL 1401 at Dallas County Community College. Identifying Tsunami Risk Zones The concept of plate tectonics is the most satisfying explanation for a majority of earthquakes. The magnitude (M) 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake struck on December 26, 2004, at a tectonic subduction zone where the India Plate, an oceanic plate, is subducting beneath the Burma micro-p… View the full answer Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin: tectonicus, from the Ancient Greek: τεκτονικός, lit. Results also have confirmed the exist ence of the so-called Sunda Block, which appears to be rotating with respect to adja cent plates. Mt.Sinabung Sumatra,Indonesia AlfredWegenerearly1900s Continentstomovealltogether~200Ma Because 1 tectonic plate can have both oceanic or continental crust. Java and Sumatra grow a lot of coffee in the nutrient rich volcanic soils. Plate tectonics is a scientific theory that explains how major landforms are created as a result of Earth’s subterranean movements. placemark to fly to the Sumatra region that was devastated by a tsunami in late 2004. 27698 m.y. Sumatra is formed by the southwestern margin of Sundaland, the Southeast Asian promontory of the Eurasian continental plate that stretches across the equator for 1760 km from NW to SE, and is up to 400 km across. Earth Lab 4 Plate Tectonics (Boundaries) 01/12/2014 State the type of … Verstappen) 199. Data released in the Sept 2012 Nature journal yielded new information about the 2012 Sumatra earthquake. [1] Plate motion in the Indo-Burmese Arc-Andaman-Sumatra region of Burma plate is poorly resolved. Eurasian plate is the Sumatra fault zone (SFZ) within the volcanic arc (Figure 1). This is mainly due to lack of relevant data and complex tectonics of the region. As students become aware of plate movements, ... (ex:. Geology Indonesia appeared from under the Southeast Asian seas as the result of the Indian and Australian plates colliding and slipping under the Sunda Plate, sometime in the early Cenozoic era around 63 million years ago. Plate tectonics is regarded as uniform and unique, the only philosophical and practical absolute concept. Tectonic - Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasia Plate Major Volcanoes - Merapi , Krakatoa , Mount Sinabung , Semeru The Sunda Arc is a volcanic arc that produced the volcanoes that form the topographic spine of the islands of Sumatra , Nusa Tenggara , and Java , the Sunda Strait and the Lesser Sunda Islands . Two types of tectonic plate activity create earthquake and tsunami risk on Lombok. Based on the GPS data, currently, the Mentawai patch of the … We wanted to sample the sediments before they develop into the faulted plate boundary region so that we could learn about their physics, chemistry, temperature, and pressure. Sumatra quake was part of crustal plate breakup: Study shows huge jolt measured 8.7, ripped at least 4 faults. Tectonic plates and plate boundary types (modified from Kious and Tilling, 1996). 7.6 Magnitude Earthquake off Sumatra. The essential thought of plate tectonics includes the earth's peripheral part, the lithosphere (100-200 km thick), which comprises a few enormous and genuinely stable sections – the plates. Initial tectonic activity during the Paleogene began in the Late Eocene, when the North Sumatra Basin was subjected to crustal extension as a result of collision between the Indian Continent and the Eurasian Plate (Daly et Dark red lines show Sumatran fault zone (after Sieh and Natawidjaja, 2000 ); red line with teeth shows the Sunda trench, source of the 2004 M9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. Contour of subducted slab is taken from [12,15]. Both shocks are associated with the broad scale tectonics of the Australia/Sunda plate boundary in the southern Sumatra region, but in detail their tectonic situations differ. Tectonic configuration of SE Asia showing Indonesian region is complex because it lies at the triple junction of three large plates; the Indo-Australian Plate, Eurasian Plate and Pacific Plate (Robert Hall, 1996) CENTERPOINT OF TRIPLE JUNCTION PLATE CONVER NNE-MOVING INDO-AUSTRALIAN PLATE (8CM/Y) S-SE MOVING EURASIAN PLATE … What is the plate tectonic setting of Andaman Island? Plate tectonics, briefly, is the theory that the upper layer of the mantle along with the overriding crust (together called the lithosphere) is broken up into massive chunks that are called plates. Sumatra is at the boundary between two tectonic plates. Two giant earthquakes in the eastern Indian Ocean have shown geologists that breaking up is easy to do--for tectonic plates, that is. The inner wedge I is composed of tectonic flakes stretching from southeast Sumatra across the Sunda Strait to northwest Java, implying a similar plate tectonic regime in these areas at the time of flake development during upper Oligocene. Orange shows Tertiary basins containing oil and gas (after Doust and Noble, 2008 ). Tsunami Labs In this lab you'll study seismograms from 3 different seismic stations recording the magnitude 9.0 Sumatra earthquake of 12/26/2004. Asia. The Pacific and Australian plate movements controlled the tectonics of the eastern portion of Indonesia and formed the unique feature of Banda Arc. The northern tip of the Juan de Fuca Plate is sometimes considered to be the separate Explorer Plate. Aerial and land reconnaissance surveys of those islands after the earthquake provide evidence of spectacular plate tectonics that took place during the earthquake. The great Aceh-Andaman earthquake of December 26, 2004 and its tragic consequences brought the Sumatran region and its active tectonics into the world's focus. Sumatra Before the acceptance of plate tectonics, least as a working hypothesis and by most geologists as full-fledged theory, part of the Sumatra Fault zone, its so-called "Oeloe Aer" (Ulu Air) segment in the northern half of the island, was recognised by Durham (1940) to possess significant lateral displacements. In this model, the following structural zones are listed along transverse sections of Sumatra & Java: The active subduction zone W., Shen,C. The earthquake of October 1, 2009 occurred 270 km southeast of the damaging earthquake of September 30, 2009 offshore Padang. Image transcription text. Both shocks are associated with the broad scale tectonics of the Australia/Sunda plate boundary in the southern Sumatra region, but in detail their tectonic situations differ. Plates which do not longer exist are not listed. August 6, 2018 10.48pm EDT. 'pertaining to building') is the generally accepted scientific theory that considers the Earth's lithosphere to comprise a number of large of tectonic plates which have been slowly moving since about 3.4 billion years ago. But in regards to the "type of plate" that the Sunda plate is, is minor plate or tertiary plate. In addition to the subduction zone off the west coast of the island, Sumatra also has a large strike-slip fault, the Great Sumatran Fault also known as Semangko Fault, running the entire length of the island.This fault zone accommodates most of the strike-slip motion associated with the oblique convergence … Sumatra is at the boundary between two tectonic plates. Tectonic Plates In India. While there is a small portion of the original island, a new volcano called Anak Krakatoa has been slowly growing since 1959. The rigid lithospheric slabs are called plates.The study of the whole mechanism of evolution, nature and motions of plates, deformation within plates and interactions of plate margins with each other is collectively called as plate tectonics.Plate tectonic theory, a significant scientific advancement of the decade 1960’s is based on two major scientific concepts e.g. The Sumatra-Andaman portion of the collision zone forms a subduction zone megathrust plate boundary, the Sunda-Java trench, which accommodates convergence … Your task: In this investigation you will examine data sets of topography, bathymetry (ocean depth), volcano location, earthquake location, and ocean floor age to determine the location and attributes of different plate tectonic boundaries. Thin green lines show Plio-Pleistocene fold axes that may represent active thrusting. Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός “pertaining to building”) is a scientific theory describing the large-scale motion of 7 large plates and the movements of a larger number of smaller plates of the Earth‘s lithosphere, over the last hundreds of millions of years. The reason for plate tectonics moving is due to the convection in the mantle, where hot material near the Earth's core rises and colder mantle rock sinks. The western part of Southeast Asia is comprised of three tectonic plates: the Southeast Asia Plate, the Burma Plate, and the Australia-India Plate. Active volcanoes and calderas fed by the rising magma parallel Sumatra’s west coast. Check and double-click the Regional Plate Tectonics map overlay and the Epicenter. tion of active plate boundaries in and around Southeast Asia, as well as deformation proc esses in the Sulawesi region of Indonesia and tectonic activity in the Philippine archipel ago. Part I: Investigating Plate Tectonics through Google Earth. The idea of plate tectonics is the most fulfilling clarification for a larger part of tremors. Late Paleozoic granites possessing ages of ca. The southern tip of the Juan de Fuca Plate is often considered a separate plate, called Gorda Plate. Studies were made by Hatherton and Dickinson (1969), Fitch (1970), Hamilton (1970, 1979), and Katili (1971) but it was not until 1973 that the first plate tectonic model of western Indonesia was published by Katili. Tectonic plate and crust are slightly different concepts. Plate tectonics describes continental movement across the surface of the planet. The Indo-Australian tectonic plate (on the left) dives under the Eurasian plate (on the right). The Sumatran Plate Boundary Project is a multi disciplinary effort to understand tectonic processes at a plate boundary dominated by the oblique convergence of oceanic and continental plates. The earth has been recognised as having an outer 'shell' composed of 'plates' that move around on the molten surface beneath. This is a summary of the 2012 Sumatra earthquake which shows that it is both the largest intra-plate and strike-slip earthquake with it being the 10th largest earthquake ever. This obliquity gives rise to the Sumatra fault zone that links the accretionary zone of the Andaman Sea to the Sunda Strait. The pair of quakes hit on April 11 (SN Online: 4/11/12), startling seismologists with their size (magnitudes 8.6 and 8.2) and location (hundreds of kilometers from the active seismic zone that spawned the deadly 2004 magnitude 9.1 earthquake … Plate tectonics Continuum model Blocks and faults increase Fault slip rates become small and comparable to each other Block models Figure 3 Illustration showing the transition from global plate kinematics through continental block models to continuum models. Tectonic features of the southern Sumatra-western Java forearc of Indonesia. The plate tectonic setting of Sumatra has been as it is today for tens of millions of years, and catastrophic geologic events have likely been plentiful. The immaturity of our understanding of great earthquakes and other types of geologic hazards contributed to the surprise regarding the location of the 2004 earthquake. Subduction zone beneath Sumatra, Indonesia. Star marker is the location of the main shock of the December 26, 2004 earthquake. While there is a small portion of the original island, a new volcano called Anak Krakatoa has been slowly growing since 1959. In this view, now accepted by most geologists, the subduction zone southwest of Sumatra is part of a long On the global map below, each red dot is an earthquake. TERTIARY in SUMATRA PRESENT DAY TECTONICS ELEMENTS OF SUMATRA (Barber et al., 2005) (Frisch et al, 2011) BASIN AGES Penyu Basin Thailand Basins Hall & Morley, 2004 Structural styles & Petroleum Systems of the SE Asia (Doust & Sumner 2007) TERTIARY TECTONIC EVOLUTION Hall et … Meaning it's not very big etc. Hundreds if not thousands of people were buried under rubble, and the city of Padang was cut off from the outside world on September 30, 2009, after earthquakes struck southern Sumatra, said news reports. This chain of active volcanoes formed Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Nusa Tenggara islands, most of which, particularly Java and Bali, emerged within the last 2-3 million years. The beginning of the new millennium has been particularly devastating in terms of natural disasters associated with tectonic plate boundaries, such as earthquakes in Sumatra, Chile, Japan, Tahiti, and Nepal; the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean tsunamis; and volcanoes in Indonesia, Chile, Iceland that have produced large quantities of ash causing major disruption to aviation.

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